... Есть данные о их продаже Венесуэле (20 LAR-160, на базе танка AMX-13, по два 18-зарядных контейнера на каждом; ракеты MkI), .....
Вообще-то база могла быть и Венесуэльской. Вот данные о службе АМХ-13 на 2002 г.:
Country - Quantity (Comment)
Argentina - 58 (was also assembled in Argentina; also ARV and AVLB)
Dominican Republic - 2 (75 mm model, some sources have stated that 12 vehicles are in service)
Ecuador - 108 (105 mm, plus ARV upgraded)
Indonesia - 275 (75 mm and 105 mm, plus ARV and AVLB. Some upgraded to AMX-13 SM1 standard.)
Ivory Coast - 5 (75 mm model)
Lebanon - 35 (90 mm and 105 mm, out of 100+)
Peru - 110 (80 105 mm model, 30 75 mm model)
Singapore - 350 (75 mm model, most modified, SM1 (qv Singapore))
Venezuela - 36 (armed with 75 mm guns, 31 90 mm upgraded delivered, MRS)
Note: The AMX-13 is no longer used by Algeria, Cambodia, Chile, Djibouti, Egypt, France, India, Israel, Morocco, Nepal, the Netherlands or Tunisia. While the vehicle is no longer in production, Giat Industries can supply upgraded AMX-13s or kits to upgrade existing vehicles.
Venezuelan AMX-13 Rocket Launchers
Venezuela has approximately 25 AMX-13 light tank chassis fitted with the Detroit Diesel 6V-53T diesel engine, with the turret replaced by the Israel Military Industries 160 mm LAR multiple rocket launcher system, details of which are given in the Multiple rocket launchers section under Israel.
И о AMX-13 SM1:
Singapore Technologies Kinetics AMX-13 SM1 light tank
Development
Singapore has the largest fleet of French Giat Industries (previously Mécanique Creusot-Loire) built AMX-13 light tanks in the world and, for many years, Singapore Technologies Kinetics (previously Singapore Automotive Engineering) has been overhauling these and other tracked and wheeled armoured vehicles for the Singapore Armed Forces.
To meet the requirements of the Singapore Armed Forces, Singapore Technologies Kinetics has developed a complete chassis refurbishment programme for the AMX-13 with the first production vehicles handed over to the Singapore Armed Forces in June 1988 under the designation of the AMX-13 SM1. It is understood that most of the Singapore fleet of 350 AMX-13 light tanks has been upgraded to the enhanced AMX-13 SM1 configuration.
The main area of improvement carried out on the chassis which has been given a total automotive refit with a new Detroit Diesel 6V-53T engine, a new ZF 5WG-180 fully automatic transmission, a new electrical system and a now Horstman Defence Systems (originally Dunlop) hydropneumatic suspension system.
These improvements not only make the AMX-13 SM1 more reliable but also increase the operational range of the vehicle, giving a higher speed, better acceleration and improved cross-country mobility.
Singapore Technologies Kinetics is now offering this retrofit kit for other users of the AMX-13. It is believed that Singapore Technologies Kinetics has supplied two batches of upgrade kits to Indonesia which has now upgraded part of its fleet to the AMX-13 SM1 standard.
As of mid-2004, there was no official information on a possible replacement for the AMX-13 SM1 light tank.
Description
The original petrol engine has been replaced by a more fuel-efficient water-cooled, turbocharged Detroit Diesel Model 6V-53T, which develops 290 bhp at 2,800 rpm. This can be replaced in 50 minutes.
The engine cooling system for the upgraded AMX-13 SM1 light tank has been designed, developed and produced by the UK company, Gallay.
The AMX-13 SM1 cooling system consists of three air-cooled heat exchangers which are mounted in series. Air passes from front to back through the assembly, cooling in turn the oil from the steering brakes and differential, the engine cooling water and automatic transmission fluid.
The engine is coupled to a ZF 5WG-180 fully automatic transmission with five forward and two reverse gears. This is controlled by an Electrical Control Unit (ECU), which is programmed to protect against unsafe shifts. In case of an electrical failure there is a mechanical fallback.
A new electrical system has been fitted which is more reliable and is easier to maintain and repair. This is based on four 12 V batteries connected both in series and in parallel. If a single battery fails, the others can still supply power. In addition there is a new 28 V 160 A fully suppressed alternator. This is more reliable than the older dynamo and is easier to maintain.
A new electrical slip-ring has been fitted, as have new instruments for the driver. The new Driver Instrument Panel (DIP) has been ergonomically designed and is user friendly; it instantly displays information to the driver. A new radio harness is sealed in shrinkable polyolefin tubing, which provides protection against oil, fuel and moisture. It is also heat retardant and in the event of fire does not give off toxic fumes. All sections can be quickly disconnected and replaced for repairs in the field.
The original torsion bar suspension has been replaced by a new hydropneumatic suspension system, which increases total wheel travel, absorbs greater shock loads and permits greater mobility over rough terrain.
The danger of shredding tracks is reduced as the suspension system maintains a more consistent tension on the track. The pressure in each unit strut can be individually adjusted.
The AMX-13 SM1 retains the 75 mm main armament and 7.62 mm coaxial machine gun of the original AMX-13 but an additional 7.62 mm machine gun is pintle mounted on the forward part of the turret and this can be used by the commander or gunner. A bank of two electrically operated grenade launchers is mounted either side of the turret firing forwards. It is understood that the main types of ammunition fired by the 75 mm gun include HE, HEAT and a new locally produced APFSDS-T type.
Variants
STK VCI upgrade
In February 1994, Singapore Technologies Kinetics revealed that as a private venture it had completed the prototype of an AMX VCI infantry fighting vehicle (fully covered in a separate entry) fitted with the same diesel power pack and suspension improvements as the AMX-13 SM1 light tank.
As Singapore does not operate any AMX VCI infantry fighting vehicles, this upgrade is aimed specifically at the export market.
In addition, the upgraded AMX VCI was fitted with a new turret designed by the then Chartered Industries of Singapore (CIS) fitted with a CIS 40 mm 40 AGL grenade launcher and a CIS 12.7 mm machine gun. This is also fitted to upgraded M113 series APCs and details are given in a separate entry.
Specifications
Performance comparisoт - AMX-13 - Upgraded AMX-13 SM1
Power-to-weight ratio: 16.6 hp/t - 19 hp/t
Gradient: 60% - 60%
Side slope: 40% - 40%
Max road speed: 61 km/h - 64 km/h
Fuel capacity: 480 litres - 480 litres
Fuel consumption:
(road (litres/100 km)) 110/130 - 100
(cross-country (litres/h)) 50/60 - 25/30
Range:
(road) 350/400 km - 450/500 km
(cross-country) 8/9 h - 16/19 h
Wheel travel:
(static to bump stop) 115 mm - 275 mm
Cross-country obstacle clearance: 115 mm - 275 mm
Suspension wheel load capacity (g): 2.25 - 4.5
Status
Upgrade for Singapore Armed Forces is complete. At least one foreign country has purchased this upgrade package and this is understood to be Indonesia.
Manufacturer
Singapore Technologies Kinetics.